Nipple leiomyoma: A rare neoplasm with a broad spectrum of histologic appearances

Cutaneous leiomyomas are rare benign smooth‐muscle tumors. These lesions are distinguished based on their cell of origin and are subclassified as pilar leiomyoma, angioleiomyoma, and genital‐type leiomyoma. Nipple leiomyoma is the least common genital‐type leiomyoma, arising from the dartoic muscle cell of the nipple. Histologic examination of the lesion is necessary for definitive diagnosis, and these uncommon tumors can pose a diagnostic challenge. We describe herein a series of six nipple leiomyomas with a spectrum of histologic appearances.     

Cabozantinib for relapsed neuroblastoma: Single institution case series

Relapsed high‐risk neuroblastoma has few effective therapies currently available or in development. Cabozantinib is an Food and Drug Administration approved multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor for select adult malignancies with preclinical data suggesting efficacy against neuroblastoma. A safe and tolerable dose has been identified for children, but its efficacy remains unknown. We describe four children with relapsed metastatic neuroblastoma treated with cabozantinib. All four patients had extended disease control (two complete responsesfor >12 months, 2 stable disease >6 months) with manageable predictable toxicities requiring dose reduction in two patients. We discuss the potential for the use of cabozantinib in neuroblastoma.     

腮腺良性肿瘤切除术中腮腺导管和面神经颊支解剖关系的观察

目的观察研究腮腺导管与面神经颊支的解剖关系，为术中用腮腺导管作为面神经探查标记物提供解剖依据。方法在腮腺良性肿瘤切除术中观察和测量42例患者的腮腺导管和面神经颊支的解剖关系，包括深浅、成角和距离关系。结果在深浅关系上，颊支位于腮腺导管浅面占69.05%（29/42），同层面占14.29%（6/42），深面占16.67%（7/42）。从二者走形角度上，基本平行占76.19%（32/42），明显成角的占23.81%（10/42）。以出腮腺处测量距离来看，上颊支位于腮腺导管上0.2~1.0 cm，平均（0.61±0.13）cm；下颊支位于导管下0.2~1.5 cm，平均（0.77±0.27）cm。结论腮腺导管与面神经上下颊支解剖关系相对恒定，可以用于腮腺肿瘤术中寻找解剖面神经的标志物。     

基于微信平台的延续性护理在恶性肿瘤患儿生活中的应用

目的 探讨通过微信平台的远程护理对恶性肿瘤患儿生活质量和家属满意度的影响。方法 将某医院2015年1月—2018年12月收治入院的80例恶性肿瘤患儿,随机分为两组,对照组采用常规随访法进行指导教育,实验组在常规随访的基础上,通过微信平台实施远程延续性护理,观察对比两组患儿在干预前后的生活质量评分情况及和家属满意度情况。结果 干预前对照组与实验组患者的生存质量普适性核心量表评分(PedsQLTM4.0)、生存质量癌症模块量表评分(PedsQLTM3.0)比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组患者干预前后PedsQLTM4.0与PedsQLTM3.0评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后两组患者PedsQLTM4.0评分情况,实验组为(83.77±3.14),较对照组的评分(73.18±3.85)有所升高(P<0.05);干预后两组患者PedsQLTM3.0评分情况均有所升高,实验组较对照组升高 [(71.14±12.30) vs (82.32±8.57)](P值均<0.05);实验组患儿家属满意度(97.50%)高于对照组(82.50%),(χ2=5.000,P<0.05)。结论 微信延续性护理可提高恶性肿瘤患儿的生活质量和患儿家属满意度,简易便行,值得推广。     

Cutaneous neoplasms composed of melanoma and carcinoma: A rare but important diagnostic pitfall and review of the literature

We report two cases of combined cutaneous tumors composed of melanoma and carcinoma. The first tumor presented as a 5-mm pink-blue macule over the right zygomatic arch in an 85-year-old man. Shave biopsy and immunohistochemical studies revealed that the tumor was composed of melanoma (highlighted by SOX10 and MART-1, with high Ki-67 proliferative index) intermixed with nodular basal cell carcinoma (highlighted by pan-cytokeratin and Ber-EP4). The neoplastic melanocytes were confined to the basal cell carcinoma nodules, and a diagnosis of combined melanoma in situ and basal cell carcinoma was rendered. After therapeutic excision, the patient was disease-free at 9 months after the initial diagnosis. The second tumor presented as a 6-mm pink-brown crusted papule on the right forehead in an 89-year-old man. Shave biopsy and immunohistochemical studies revealed that the tumor was composed of malignant melanoma (MM) (highlighted by S100 and MART-1) intermixed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (highlighted by cytokeratin and p63), and a diagnosis of combined MM-SCC was rendered. These two cases highlight the importance of recognizing these rare types of melanocytic-epithelial cutaneous neoplasms to arrive at an accurate diagnosis that may inform appropriate disease stage and therapy.     

Multidrug resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumor with multiple metastases to the skin and subcutaneous soft tissue: A case report and review of literature

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms which account for less than 1% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. Of all the extra-abdominal metastases of GIST, superficial soft tissue metastases are the rarest. Previous reports have found success with sunitinib in imatinib-resistant GIST, but we report a certain wild-type KIT mutation GIST with cutaneous and subcutaneous metastasis that was unresponsive to multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatments. This case illustrates that knowing the specific type of KIT mutations may uncover resistance of certain GIST's to TKIs, necessitating more targeted and alternative therapy.